Friday, May 1, 2015

The Oracle to Habakkuk, part 10: The Third Woe - Civic

In 1904 a short story was published in “The Strand Magazine”.  It was entitled “The Country of the Blind” and was authored by H. G. Wells.  In this tale a mountaineer named Nunez attempts to summit the crest of a fictitious mountain in Ecuador.  However, he slips and falls down the far side of the mountain into a hidden valley which is cut off from the rest of the world on all sides by steep precipices.  The valley is inhabited by a tribe of people descended from natives who had fled the tyranny of conquering Spanish Conquistadors centuries earlier.  But after arriving in the valley an earthquake reshaped the surrounding mountains, hiding them from the Europeans but also cutting them off from the rest of the outside world.  Early on in their new life of seclusion a disease spread among the populace which rendered all newborns blind.  Eventually, the sighted among the tribe died off, leaving only the sightless to carry on.  As a result of this blindness, the people’s other senses sharpened to such a degree that by the time Nunez encounters them they are living quite happily and prosperously without vision.

As the story continues Nunez attempts to explain what sight is to the people but they don’t understand.  They have no frame of reference with which to comprehend what he is talking about.  In fact, they believe him to be quite mad.  Eventually the suggestion is made that perhaps Nunez’s eyes are diseased, are affecting his brain negatively, and should be removed.  Before the operation can be done he flees and climbs high into the surrounding mountains, happy to have escaped from the valley.

This fictional story in some ways bears a striking resemblance to mankind as a whole.  We seem to have a racial blindness to the glory of God that is constantly on display all around us.  We are born without sight, so to speak, blind to the fact that God “is working until now” (John 5:17).  But unlike the tribe in the story, our malady is worse than simple blindness.  As we saw in chapter 7 Solomon reveals that God “has also set eternity in their heart” (Ecc. 3:11) and additionally “that which is known about God is evident within them; for God made it evident to them. (Rom. 1:19).  If this is so then why does it appear that we are so blind to the work that He is doing all around us?  The previous verse in Romans tells the sad tale: For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men who suppress the truth in unrighteousness.  So in the parallel with H.G. Wells’ short story we are like a tribe of people who, although blind, have a collective racial memory of what sight is.  Yet in our stubbornness and ignorance we deliberately suppress and repress this memory to such an extent that we will violently resist anyone who attempts to disabuse us of our notions.

This is the sorry state of affairs that God describes for Habakkuk in His third woe against the Babylonians.  As before, this divine taunt song begins with the description of a crime:
                        “Woe to him who builds a city with bloodshed
                        And founds a town with violence!

We see before our eyes an image of ferocious tyrants.  They are consumed with a lust for power.  In the pursuit of their yearning for earthly treasure they give no thought whatsoever for anyone other than themselves and their own interests.  Their personal relationships are limited to those who align with the same goals and who pursue the same agendas.  In the name of building first a town, then a city, and finally a nation these evil comrades oppress, subjugate, steal from, enslave, and ultimately murder those who stand in their way.

It would appear at first glance as if the Lord is describing two separate but linked instances of evil here.  The building of a city with bloodshed and the founding of a town with violence seem to be two different variations on the same theme.  But in reality what we are looking at is the exact same crime stated two different ways.  Consider what God says about blood.  In Leviticus chapter 17 Moses and the children of Israel were given very specific instructions regarding blood.  Verse 10 records this dire warning: ‘And any man from the house of Israel, or from the aliens who sojourn among them, who eats any blood, I will set My face against that person who eats blood and will cut him off from among his people.’  This injunction might seem odd to us.  We might ask the question: who goes around eating blood?  It is more easily understood in modern terms by the phrase raw meat.  God’s restriction is on the consumption of raw flesh that has not been cooked properly.  And anyone who violates this command is going to have the “face” of Almighty God set against him for ill rather than for good.  This is almost astonishingly severe.  Why is God decreeing such a dreadful judgment against someone who consumes raw meat?

The principle being given in Leviticus operates on two levels.  On the one hand, as with many regulations of the Mosaic Law, there are health benefits to be had by obeying the Lord’s instructions.  Although they would have been totally ignorant of germs at this time in history, modern science has confirmed for us the truth of God’s safety precautions given two millennia previously.  The consumption of raw flesh has very real health dangers due to the presence of bacteria and disease.  So from this standpoint the Lord is protecting His people from the perils of a creation that has been subjected to corruption by its Maker.

But at a deeper level, what is being constructed in Leviticus for the Israelites is a complete worldview package which has God at its center, the sinfulness of mankind unavoidably present, and the promise of divine redemption to come unmistakably obvious.  In this context blood has a massive symbolic representation of life and death.  This is made clear in the next verse: ‘For the life of the flesh is in the blood, and I have given it to you on the altar to make atonement for your souls; for it is the blood by reason of the life that makes atonement.’  There is a parallel in the mind of God between the physical truth that blood carries oxygen to every part of the body, thus providing life itself to the whole, and the spiritual truth that just as in the absence of blood physical life ceases so blood is necessary to cover the sin that causes spiritual life to cease.  In effect, the blood of sacrifices carries an atonement for sin to every part of our spiritual life just as blood within our bodies carries oxygen to every part of our physical life.  Both physically and spiritually, blood is a fundamental element of life.  And the Lord wanted to make it crystal clear to humanity that sin is of such a serious nature, disrupting as it does the ability of the creature to come into the presence of the creator, that a payment of the very stuff of life itself is necessary to bridge that gap and make a way for the sinner to be joined with the savior.  Then once this imagery was firmly fixed in the mind of one who views the world through lenses of scripture the revelation of the Son of God and the shedding of His perfect blood as a singular atonement for sin would become glaringly obvious.

Furthermore, as stated in chapter 1 human life has an unprecedented sanctity in the eyes of the Lord.  This is because mankind represents the Imago Dei, the image of God.  We were created in His image as a representation, a painting if you will, of the character and essence of the Lord.  And as we made clear in chapter 5 God’s essence is of perfectly pure and transcendent righteousness and holiness.  Anything that God touches is sanctified and made sacred by His very presence.  In Exodus 3:5 Moses was told: “Do not come near here; remove your sandals from your feet, for the place on which you are standing is holy ground.”  The ground itself had nothing to do with holiness.  It was the presence of God which made it holy.  In a similar way human life is sacred because it is marked with a stamp of God’s nature.  Even in the debased form mankind currently bears there is still a certain quality of godliness contained within him.  As such, to cause a loss of that human life is in a sense to tarnish the Lord Himself.

Now then, as it relates to our passage in Habakkuk the point is this.  Blood, the presence of it, the shedding of it, the sanctity of it, and the importance of it has a freight train of theological ramifications.  Therefore, to cause the spilling of human blood, with its implication of causing death, is inherently a vile and despicable act.  It is equated with the most horrid of crimes and carries the most serious of consequences before the judge of the universe.  The Hebrew word that is translated above as ‘violence’ is more accurately stated as iniquity.  It is the idea of injustice, unrighteousness, or wrong.  So when God links blood and iniquity together He is not making two separate statements about unjust civic development.  He is not saying that to cause bloodshed and to resort to violence are both separate and equally wrong acts.  Instead, He is saying that to utilize bloodshed to accomplish one’s goals is to take part in iniquity.

With that baseline established, the Lord now proceeds to expand His overall point with verse 13 of Habakkuk chapter 2:
                        “Is it not indeed from the Lord of hosts
                        That peoples toil for fire,
                        And nations grow weary for nothing?

This verse operates at two different levels.  On one it links with the preceding verse.  On the other it aligns itself with verse 14 which we have yet to look at.  In this way verse 13 serves as a bridge that knits the entire woe together.  We’ll take each aspect one at a time.

To help us understand the first point we need to examine a companion text.  It can be found in Jeremiah 51:58 and it contains a Hebrew phrase that is almost identical to our verse in Habakkuk: “The broad wall of Babylon will be completely razed and her high gates will be set on fire; so the peoples will toil for nothing, and the nations become exhausted only for fire.”  Jeremiah aids us in putting Habakkuk’s meaning in perspective.  There is a futility being conveyed here of building up cities via iniquity.  God will cause all these evil human efforts to be burned by fire in the end, causing all their labors to be for naught.  Therefore, why bother to engage in such things.  They are utter futility.  In fact, to drive at the point from another angle, the King James translation renders “toil for fire” as “labour in the very fire”.  The idea is that these wicked people who have amassed for themselves national security through ill-gotten gains are engaging in pursuits of such a transient, or temporary, nature that it is as if they are standing directly in a bonfire as they work.  The moment they complete one project it is consumed by the flames and burned to ash.  Thus they endlessly grind away at their humanistic goals with never a hint of ultimate progress in the end.  In this way they work themselves to the bone for no gain whatsoever.  In the words of the preacher from Ecclesiastes 1:14: I have seen all the works which have been done under the sun, and behold, all is vanity and striving after wind.  It is this manner in which verse 13 supports verse 12.  The former describes the crime of which Babylon was guilty.  The latter explains the ramifications of the crime on a human level.

But there is another way in which this verse can be applied.  It is a plane of thought at once both deeper and broader.  Notice the first line: “Is it not indeed from the Lord of hosts…”  Everything that we have just looked at is specifically and directly authorized and handed down from God above.  This is a truth that runs parallel to the first point we just looked at.  Yes the people work at their material goals as if they were in the midst of a furnace.  Yes they weary themselves fruitlessly for no profit.  And yes it is the Lord God Himself who causes this to happen.  His authority and supremacy reign so supreme over creation that they extend to and encompass even the pathetic wasted efforts of sinful mankind.  There is no rock of self will and self-effort that people can hide under in order to escape from the sovereignty of God.  It is absolute.

And it is this element by which verse 13 serves as a link or a bridge to verse 14:
                        “For the earth will be filled
                        With the knowledge of the glory of the Lord,
                        As the waters cover the sea.

In modern vernacular we might replace “for” with “therefore”.  In that sense we could say that because of the truth revealed in the previous verse, “therefore” what follows in the next is also true and is the foundation upon which that first truth is built.  This foundation is the knowledge of the glory of the Lord.

His glory will ultimately prevail as completely as water prevails on the earth.  Water is deceptive.  In a controlled and contained environment it appears benign and soft.  It refreshes us on a hot day.  It provides the fuel which plant life requires to grow and flourish.  And it is a vital ally in the pursuit of continued animal life.  Without water our bodies, which are comprised of approximately 70% water, would cease to function.  In contrast to these beneficent qualities that water possesses there is a dark side to it.  Given the right conditions it transforms into a raging horror capable of destroying everything in its path.  Venture deep enough into the ocean and water can crush a man to death under the equivalent pressure of 50 jumbo jets.  Give water enough wind to spiral around and push it into a mound at the center of a tropical storm and this normally nonthreatening substance can smash into coast lines with enough force to annihilate entire cities.  But even when water is not overtly dangerous such as in these situations it is still an inexorable foe whose application against other materials is devastatingly absolute.  Against a flooded home the ruin that water brings is final: rotting the wooden frame, irreversibly staining the floors, and carrying away valuable mementos of a life forever altered.  Give water enough time and it can slice through the hardest rock forming canyons and other fissures in the earth’s surface.

In a similar way the application of God’s righteous judgment is deceptive.  It would often appear to our near sighted carnal minds that God is impotent in the face of evil.  We become frustrated when criminals are acquitted of wrong doing.  Our irritation grows when we suffer personal offense at the hands of other people.  And we perhaps are prone to mockingly and irreverently ask God “where are You?”  Habakkuk even succumbed to the temptation to question God’s intentions in the face of the great moral decay and spiritual bankruptcy that infested his beloved Judah.  But just as the natural power of water is absolute and its coverage of the oceans of the world is complete, the divine power of God is final and the presence of His authority over all creation is comprehensive.

It is this truth that is the great theme of this third woe.  God is effectively “singing” this taunt song against the Babylonians and all wickedness of men for the purpose of proclaiming the greatness and the knowledge of His own glory.  He permits evil for His own greater exaltation that is seen in the eventual settling of the debts incurred by such sin.  In Exodus 14:4 the Lord revealed this truth to Moses: Thus I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and he will chase after them; and I will be honored through Pharaoh and all his army, and the Egyptians will know that I am the Lord.  The glory of God revealed through both the forbearance of evil and its subsequent eradication can be found in Ezekiel 6:9-10: “Then those of you who escape will remember Me among the nations to which they will be carried captive, how I have been hurt by their adulterous hearts which turned away from Me, and by their eyes which played the harlot after their idols; and they will loathe themselves in their own sight for the evils which they have committed, for all their abominations. Then they will know that I am the Lord; I have not said in vain that I would inflict this disaster on them.”  Repeatedly in chapter 25 of the same book God echoes the refrain that the nations He is executing judgments against will know that He is the Lord.  By permitting such evil to exist the acclaim He receives at its obliteration is magnified.  A man who rushes into a peaceful home to save a child receives no honor.  But introduce fire into the timbers of that home and suddenly the man is lauded as a hero.  Danger or adversity must exist if the one who defeats it is to be recognized for his actions.  This is the principle at work here in Habakkuk 2:12-14. 

It is only our own blindness and hostility to the truth that prevents us from seeing such things.  We are ignorant of the futility of our own endeavors that we engage in without first seeking the blessing of the Lord.  Our tendency apart from His corrective guidance is to suppress the truth that is revealed in His character.  And like the tribe of blind people in “The Country of the Blind” our instinct is to resist the notion that the glory of God is evident around us.  We require training to correct our skewed vision of reality.  We must begin to view the world in the proper light of scripture which tells us that it is we who are off base in our presuppositions and ignorance.

So once again we must turn to the example of the Lord Jesus Christ to find the plumb line of reality by which we ought to be governed.  The entirety of the incarnation of Christ revolved on this axis; that He both knew and sought the glory of God in all He said and did.  Therefore by following the pattern of life He established we can begin to correct and reverse this racial blindness we are cursed with.  When considering how Jesus viewed the glory of God the question is not whether the evidence exists but where to begin.  Many, many examples can be drawn from the gospels to prove this point.  But I have selected just two. 

First, we can see that even as a boy the Lord was fixated upon His heavenly Father.  Luke 2:41-49 records an incident in which this devotion to the glory of God came somewhat into conflict with his human parents; Joseph and Mary.  As the account goes, the family traveled to Jerusalem every year for the Feast of the Passover.  When Jesus was twelve years old they made the trip as normal.  Verse 43 sets the stage: and as they were returning, after spending the full number of days, the boy Jesus stayed behind in Jerusalem. But His parents were unaware of it.  This probably strikes us as rather odd.  How could His parents possibly not realize He wasn’t with them when they left?  The difference in understanding lies with the difference in culture.  Jewish families in Israel were typically large and tightly knit.  They would often live in the same towns and villages, sometimes even multiple generations and relations in the same home.  And they most certainly traveled together on long journeys, both for safety and fellowship.  Such was the case here.  Verses 44 and 45 give us insight into this: But supposed Him to be in the caravan, and went a day’s journey; and they began looking for Him among their relatives and acquaintances.  When they did not find Him, they returned to Jerusalem looking for Him.  Now the alarm has been sounded.  Joseph and Mary realize there is a problem and immediately swing into action to locate their son.  Verses 46 and 47 continue: Then, after three days they found Him in the temple, sitting in the midst of the teachers, both listening to them and asking them questions.  And all who heard Him were amazed at His understanding and His answers.  Now let’s for a moment put ourselves in the parent’s shoes.  We have “misplaced” our son.  And this isn’t just any son, so to speak.  They know good and well that this is the Son of God, who has been placed in their keeping and they have been charged with His safety and upbringing.  And now they have lost Him!  Although with the benefit of a historical perspective we understand that this was part of God’s plan, I doubt we would be so philosophical about it were we in Joseph and Mary’s places.  Imagine their mortification at the prospect of failing the task set them by God.  He sent them His Messiah and they couldn’t even keep track of Him for a few years without blowing it.  Obviously, any time a child becomes lost the parents instinctively grow fearful.  But I have to think that Joseph and Mary were terrified here on an even greater level because of what was at stake.  So Mary’s response in verse 48 is certainly understandable; in fact, it’s probably a bit understated compared to how we would respond: When they saw Him, they were astonished; and His mother said to Him, “Son, why have You treated us this way?  Behold, Your father and I have been anxiously looking for You.”  And now we come to the focal point of the whole incident; Christ’s response to His parents in verse 49: And He said to them, “Why is it that you were looking for Me?  Did you not know that I had to be in My Father’s house?” 

Now, my first impulse upon reading a statement like that from a child to a parent is to suppose that the child is being impertinent.  He or she has been caught in some misdeed, is being called on it, and responds with selfish and sinful defensiveness.  In other words, they are being a smart aleck.  But there’s a problem with that view.  This is Jesus the sinless Son of God we are talking about here.  2 Corinthians 5:21 refers to Him as “Him who knew no sin”.  So it is incompatible with biblical truth to think that this was teenage rebellion on the part of Jesus.  We have to shift our thinking to perceive this from a different angle.  In that light, we might picture Him as genuinely surprised by His mother’s concern.  He understands that she lacks the clarity of vision and purpose of being committed to the glory of God, as He is, and so He asks her a pointed and rhetorical question, “Why is it that you were looking for Me?  Did you not know that I had to be in My Father’s house?”  The King James renders it as “Did you not know that I had to be about My Father’s business?”  The implication is that she should not have had to search at all.  In fact, that Joseph and Mary searched for three days without successfully locating Jesus is itself an indication of the skewed perception of reality they both shared.  Jesus was the only one in this situation who was on the right track.  And that right track was to set aside human contentions and distractions.  In the face of the seeking after of God’s glory such things become irrelevant and unnecessary.  It is often our very humanity that is the culprit in diverting our attention from the glory of God where it ought to be focused.

This is exactly what we see in the Apostle Peter in Matthew 16:21-23.  Once again we find Jesus squarely focused on the work of His Father.  And once again we find this putting Him at odds with His human companions and their racial blindness: From that time Jesus began to show His disciples that He must go to Jerusalem, and suffer many things from the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised up on the third day.  Peter took Him aside and began to rebuke Him, saying, “God forbid it, Lord!  This shall never happen to You.”  Peter displays incredible obtuseness here.  The temerity to somehow fancy that God and Jesus were two separate beings, and that Jesus was in some way being forced into a situation against His will, thus implying that the Father and the Son were at odds, is downright ludicrous.  Again it must be said though that we, having the benefit of a historical perspective, most likely would not have fared any better were we in Peter’s sandals.  But be that as it may, the point is that he was dead wrong here.  So wrong in fact that Christ does something shocking in verse 23: But He turned and said to Peter, “Get behind Me, Satan!  You are a stumbling block to Me; for you are not setting your mind on God’s interests, but man’s.”  Ouch!  What a stinging rebuke to slap Peter with.  Once again our assumption would tend to be that someone making a statement like this is being heartlessly cruel.  But as before we have to remind ourselves that this is Jesus we are talking about.  He was perfect in every way.  He was, figuratively speaking, a spotless lamb without blemish, ready for sacrifice.  So this cannot possibly have been a sinful rebuke.  Therefore the only logical explanation is that it was entirely appropriate for the circumstances.  This forces us to ask what it was about Peter’s statement that was so deadly as to elicit this response from the Lord.  The answer is the same theme we have been exploring.  Peter was blinded to the glory and will and work of God.  He was fixated upon human interests.  He wanted Jesus to stick around and set up His kingdom now.  Peter, much like any 1st century Jew, would have longed for Israel to be restored to prominence and the Romans to be expelled from the country.  The purpose of God in this situation was entirely incidental and only acceptable so long as it aligned itself with these man centered goals that Peter and probably the rest of the Apostles shared.

So in effect, what we have in these two accounts, is first Joseph and Mary then Peter, committing the exact same crime the Babylonians were guilty of; ignoring the glory of God in favor of their own flammable agendas and the utter purposelessness of their strivings.  Although these New Testament associates of Jesus may not have been guilty of the same evils against humanity that the Chaldeans were, they were most certainly guilty of the same godless mindset.  And similar guilt is shared by all who allow their focus to be distracted from the glory of God.

Rather than following after the examples given here of man centered thinking seen in the actions of Mary, Joseph, and Peter, we should instead pursue the God centered thinking of Christ.  If we set that as our highest goal in life then something astonishing is promised in scripture to happen to us.  John 14:8-11 sets the stage: Philip said to Him, “Lord, show us the Father, and it is enough for us.” Jesus said to him, “Have I been so long with you, and yet you have not come to know Me, Philip? He who has seen Me has seen the Father; how can you say, ‘Show us the Father’? Do you not believe that I am in the Father, and the Father is in Me? The words that I say to you I do not speak on My own initiative, but the Father abiding in Me does His works. Believe Me that I am in the Father and the Father is in Me; otherwise believe because of the works themselves.  If we desire to see God then we need look no further than Jesus, His only begotten Son.  By looking upon the incarnation of Christ we literally see God Himself.  Therefore, we see His glory.  By meditating upon His life and training ourselves to respond as He did to circumstances it will become possible to reverse the debilitating disease of God centered blindness that we were born with.  But there’s more, and this is the ridiculously delicious part.  Verses 12 and 13 take the foundation already laid by the preceding passage and explode it into application: Truly, truly, I say to you, he who believes in Me, the works that I do, he will do also; and greater works than these he will do; because I go to the Father.  Whatever you ask in My name, that will I do, so that the Father may be glorified in the Son. 


Did you catch it?  Jesus just said to Philip and by extension to us that if we truly believe in Him, which in a Greek context means to trust in Him fully and completely, then we will be granted the unimaginable privilege of partaking in the works of Christ.  And beyond that, what God will accomplish through us will further the work that Jesus began.  His time here on earth was short by design so that the church could be tasked with continuing the Father’s work that He started in Christ.  And so we can become partakers in the process of bringing glory to God by believing on the Son and emulating His example.  There is no better way to learn to be consumed with a passion for God’s glory than to be a part of the chain of unfolding it to the creation that surrounds us.  By being the conduits through which His glory passes and reflects back to Him we gain a front row seat and a backstage pass to seeing it first-hand.  Do you want to be cured of your blindness and really begin to see clearly?  Then immerse yourself in the Lord Jesus Christ.

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